
ALT Stage 5: Determine Sampling Plan This stage is to decide not only who will be included in the study but also how the sample will be selected to minimize sampling bias and estimation error. Its importance lies in controlling statistical power and precision, as an appropriate sampling strategy can significantly influence the validity, confidence intervals, and overall credibility of the research findings.

ALT Stage 6: Design Data Collection Methods The key thing in the data collection methods design stage is selecting the most appropriate and reliable way to gather data that directly answers the research questions. This stage ensures that the information collected is relevant, accurate, and consistent, which is crucial because the quality of the research findings depends heavily on the quality of the data obtained.

ALT Stage 2: Conduct a Literature Review The objective of a literature review in research is to examine and summarize existing studies related to the research topic. Its importance lies in helping researchers understand current knowledge, identify gaps in the field, and provide a strong foundation for their own study.















































