Muhammad Maaz

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𝗔𝗹𝗽𝗵𝗮-𝗕𝗲𝘁𝗮 𝗣𝗿𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 — 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘅, 𝗯𝘂𝘁 𝗦𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿 🧠 Minimax explores possible future moves to find the best decision. The problem? ⚠️ Game trees get huge. ❖ 𝗔𝗹𝗽𝗵𝗮-𝗕𝗲𝘁𝗮 𝗣𝗿𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 ↳ It skips branches that cannot possibly change the final decision. ● α (alpha) → best value MAX can already guarantee. ● β (beta) → best value MIN can already guarantee. ➢ When α ≥ β, stop exploring that branch. That's the pruning. ❖ 𝗦𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗲𝘅𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 ↳ Suppose MAX is already found: Left branch → 3 So: → α = 3 Now MIN explores another branch: → Right branch → 2 MIN can only make this branch 2 or worse. ☞ MAX already has 3. So why explore the remaining moves? ↳ Prune. ✂️ ❖ 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁 Alpha-beta pruning gives the same answer as minimax. It simply avoids computations that don't matter. ➤ Better move ordering → more pruning. ➤ Worst case → still exponential. ★ Minimax: Explore the possibilities. ★ Alpha-Beta: Explore only the possibilities that matter. ☛ Would you be able to identify where pruning occurs in a game tree?

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𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗣𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝗱𝗲 𝗦𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘀 🚀 ↳ Two Pointers is one of the most useful DSA patterns for efficiently solving array and string problems. ↳ Instead of checking every possible combination, you use two pointers that move through the data intelligently. ❖ 𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗶𝘁 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 ● One pointer starts from the left. ● The other starts from the right. ➢ Both pointers move based on the current values. ❖ 𝗦𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗲𝘅𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 Find two numbers that add up to 10: Sorted array → [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] ☜ Left = 1 ☛ Right = 9 1 + 9 = 10 ★ Found it immediately. ➢ If the sum is too small → move the left pointer forward. ➢ If the sum is too large → move the right pointer backward. ➢ Keep moving until the pointers meet. ⚠ This works because the array is sorted — that's what tells you which direction to move. Unsorted array = no shortcut. ❖ 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝘁 𝗺𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘀 ↳ A brute-force solution may check every possible pair. Two Pointers can often reduce the problem to O(n) time. ★ 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹 ↳ Two pointers + smart movement = fewer unnecessary comparisons. ↳ This post covers the opposite-ends variant — pointers starting apart and moving toward each other. Once you recognize the pattern, many array and string problems become much easier. —— What DSA pattern should I explain next? 🤔 —— 🔖 Save for later. 👤 Follow me @1devmaaz, for more!

Quick question for tech Twitter/X 👀 What do you prefer reading? ↳ 🧵 Short, structured threads ↳ 📝 Longer, detailed posts I’m trying to figure out what format is better for sharing what I’m learning, building, and researching. What works better for you? 👇

How does an AI find its way through a maze? 🧵