EOS Energy Enterprises: Building America’s Long-Duration Energy Backbone Investment Pitch — Q3 2025 Revision TL;DR Version Eos ($EOSE) entered Q3 2025 with momentum and exited the quarter with clear proof of scale. Automation at Turtle Creek now covers 88 percent of bipolar lines, providing the throughput capability to support 2 GWh of annual capacity and confirming the repeatability of the company’s process. Contribution-margin positive performance is expected in Q4, with gross-margin positive results as Eos exits Q1 2026. The Department of Energy Loan Programs Office facility remains fully active, with Tranche 1 of $90.9 million completed and the first Tranche 2 advance expected before year-end. Commercial traction continues to deepen. Frontier Power converted 228 MWh into backlog under its five-gigawatt-hour framework, while 16 projects totaling approximately 11 GWh advanced through Ofgem’s Cap-and-Floor Round 2 process - twice the original MOU volume. MN8 Energy executed a master supply agreement covering up to 750 MWh of deployments beginning 2026. A new collaboration with Talen Energy introduces Eos technology into AI-driven power infrastructure across Pennsylvania, anchored by the Robena Data Center campus. The new 432 000 sqf. Marshall Township facility - supported by $24 million in state and county incentives - adds a straight-line, high-throughput manufacturing layout designed for replication. Line 2 has been ordered for spring 2026 installation, which will double nameplate capacity to 4 GWh per year. Record quarterly revenue of $30.5 million, double Q2 and accompanied by a 92-point improvement in gross margin, along with sharply higher utilization, confirms that Eos’s thesis - domestic manufacturing leverage, institutional adoption, and policy alignment - is translating into measurable performance. Long-Form Pitch The Q2 edition of this pitch described Eos on the threshold of scale. The company has now stepped across that line. The systems built over the past two years are proving their efficiency, the cost curve is compressing, and the commercial strategy is converting into real orders. Each of the levers behind the investment case - manufacturing leverage, institutional partnerships, and U.S. policy alignment - is now active in concert. Eos is no longer a story of potential; it is one of execution. The zinc-based Z3 system continues to validate its role across the full spectrum of long-duration storage, now extending into the 4-hour range where lithium chemistry has historically dominated. Lower total cost of ownership, non-flammability, and domestic sourcing align with the priorities of customers, regulators, and investors alike. Federal loan support, state incentives, and commercial demand have converged to create a path not just to profitability but to a new category of American-made energy storage at industrial scale. Technological Advancements and Manufacturing Milestones The third quarter demonstrated the transformation of Eos’s manufacturing organization from ramp-up to performance. Automation at Turtle Creek now covers 88 percent of bipolar lines, providing the throughput capability to support 2 GWh of annual capacity and forming the backbone of the company’s margin trajectory. Process discipline under Chief Operating Officer John Mahaz has reduced defect rates by roughly 45 percent and improved plant reliability, reflecting broader gains in consistency and throughput achieved through lean manufacturing standards across every workstation. These operational gains are not isolated; they reflect the company’s growing ability to replicate success. Supplier tooling has been standardized, allowing new lines to be commissioned in about 90 days - a key differentiator that will allow Eos to expand capacity rapidly as market opportunities materialize. The new Marshall Township facility, a 432 000 sqf. building recently leased by Eos and now being configured for production, will house these new lines. Its straight-line layout eliminates the inefficiencies inherent in Turtle Creek’s retrofitted plant and is designed to ensure that throughput gains and lower handling costs continue to drive manufacturing efficiency, serving as the model for future scale-outs. Line 2 has been ordered for installation in spring 2026, which will double capacity to 4 GWh and provide headroom for sustained cost-down learning. Eos’s internally developed controls and analytics platform, DawnOS™, is now the standard software layer across Z3 systems. Built entirely in the United States with no foreign-code dependencies, DawnOS™ enhances system balancing, predictive maintenance, and performance optimization. Together, these manufacturing and software advancements are converting the company’s theoretical operating leverage into reality. Field testing has also validated Z3’s responsiveness, with the system capable of reacting to grid-frequency changes in as little as five milliseconds. That speed positions Eos to participate in fast-response and ancillary-service markets traditionally dominated by lithium systems, broadening both the addressable market and the value of each deployed asset. Strategic Grid Applications Beyond Renewables Eos’s technology base, once associated primarily with renewable firming, now extends into the wider architecture of the grid and industrial economy. The Z3 system’s safety, scalability, and long-duration performance allow it to address a range of applications - supporting data centers, stabilizing transmission networks, reducing curtailment of renewables, improving the efficiency of existing generation, and providing fast-response power where and when it’s needed. U.S. electricity demand is projected to double by 2050, driven not only by artificial intelligence and data centers but also by the broader electrification of transport, manufacturing, and heating. Meeting that demand will require capacity that is flexible, reliable, and deployable at speed - able to relieve congestion, firm intermittent resources, add efficiency to existing grid assets, and accelerate connection timelines for new load growth. Through its collaboration with Talen Energy, Eos is developing multi-gigawatt-hour storage frameworks in Pennsylvania aimed at serving the next wave of AI-driven and industrial power demand. The Robena Data Center campus in Greene County illustrates the scale and type of opportunity emerging in this segment - integrating long-duration storage with legacy generation and new digital-infrastructure loads. While Eos has not formally announced participation, press coverage of the project indicates that International Electric Power (IEP) plans to use Eos technology, and the company has previously delivered systems for other IEP developments. The Robena project is widely viewed as a likely next deployment for Eos’s technology and underscores how zinc-based storage is moving from validation to critical infrastructure, powering data-center and industrial loads that define 24/7 energy demand. Internationally, Eos signed its first behind-the-meter project in Germany with an industrial customer. Though modest in size, it provides a foothold in continental Europe and demonstrates the versatility of the Z3 system and DawnOS™ software in managing industrial energy profiles and on-site generation. Strategic Partnerships and Financial Growth Eos’s commercial activity deepened materially in Q3 as relationships established in prior quarters began converting into formal agreements, including master supply arrangements and portfolio-level partnerships. The total opportunity pipeline expanded to $22.6 billion, representing 91 GWh of potential projects, while the reported backlog reached $644 million, excluding approximately 1 GWh of additional orders booked after the close of the quarter. These results reflect a maturing commercial engine transitioning from pilot deployments to recurring, multi-site commitments with institutional customers. The Frontier Power framework advanced from memorandum to execution. Within the 5 GWh agreement, Frontier booked 228 MWh into backlog, and all 16 projects under the umbrella progressed to Round 2 of the U.K.’s Cap-and-Floor program - together representing roughly 11 GWh, twice the volume of the original MOU. Each project requires eight or more hours of duration, matching Z3’s core capabilities and providing regulatory validation in one of the most structured grid markets in the world. In the United States, the MN8 Energy master supply agreement covers up to 750 MWh of deployments beginning in 2026 and represents portfolio-level adoption by a leading clean-energy owner-operator. The Talen Energy collaboration expands that reach into the data-center and AI power segment, positioning Eos at the intersection of rising 24/7 demand and domestic energy supply. In September, Eos completed the final milestone under the Cerberus term-loan agreement tied to customer-cash receipts. With all 16 milestones now achieved, no additional equity, preferred stock, or warrants were issued - closing out the process while preserving shareholder value. The completion of this process underscores Eos’s ability to meet every operational and financial commitment under the agreement while preserving shareholder value. Together, these relationships define a commercial profile built on credibility and repeatability - progressing from technology validation toward sustained, multi-market demand. Supply Chain Strengthening and Market Expansion Beneath the top-line growth, Eos’s supply chain has become one of its strongest strategic assets. More than 90 percent of content is sourced domestically, ensuring compliance with the Inflation Reduction Act’s 45X and 48E provisions and avoiding foreign-entity restrictions that limit competitors. Stable input costs and standardized components have produced predictability in both production planning and gross margin. Equally important, the supplier network has been reorganized to support the company’s replication model. Each partner now operates within a framework that assumes new lines can be added every 90 days once ordered, giving Eos the flexibility to scale production in step with the sales cycle. This cadence enables the company to execute on its strategy of building capacity for qualified demand rather than speculative backlog, ensuring that new investment directly supports revenue conversion. The approach maintains capital efficiency while lowering execution risk and allowing Eos to expand capacity in parallel with verified market growth. The result is a supply ecosystem that is simultaneously local, resilient, and scalable. High-Profile Contracts and Strategic Collaborations The composition of Eos’s customer base underscores its commercial maturity. What began as individual pilot demonstrations has evolved into multi-project, multi-partner programs with some of the most credible names in energy. Frontier Power’s expansion in the U.K., MN8 Energy’s domestic framework, and Talen Energy’s entrance into AI-related capacity all point to a single theme: long-duration storage has crossed from experimental adoption to institutional planning. These partnerships provide more than revenue - they provide validation. Each represents a counterparty capable of influencing standards and financing norms across the industry. As these projects move from contract to deployment, they will set the performance benchmarks by which long-duration storage is measured and, in doing so, establish zinc-bromine chemistry as a trusted alternative to lithium for large-scale stationary applications. Infrastructure Expansion and Leadership Enhancement Physical and organizational scale advanced together during the quarter, led by the build-out of the 432 000-square-foot Marshall Township facility - supported by $24 million in state and county incentives - now being configured for production under Project AMAZE. Leading this effort is John Mahaz, appointed in August 2025 as Chief Operating Officer to oversee operations, supply chain, and manufacturing strategy through the next phase of growth. A 35-year manufacturing veteran who previously oversaw more than 30 global plants and 70 000 employees at Jabil Inc., Mahaz brings deep experience in scaling complex operations with discipline and precision. His arrival marked the point where Eos began combining rapid development with structured industrial execution. As Mahaz described, Eos is “at the inflection point every operations leader wants to step into” - a company striving to scale in a way that can reshape the energy-storage industry. The margin and productivity improvements achieved through Q3 reflect that alignment of speed and rigor, as lean principles and process control take hold across the organization. At the same time, Eos began relocating its headquarters to Nova Place in Pittsburgh, consolidating leadership, engineering, and software development near its manufacturing base. The new software and controls hub, established under Project AMAZE, anchors this transition - housing the teams responsible for DawnOS™, battery-management systems, and advanced analytics. Together, these facilities form an integrated center for product innovation and operational coordination in western Pennsylvania, a region now emerging as a hub for advanced-energy manufacturing. These structural and leadership advances provide the platform for efficient, repeatable expansion as Eos transitions from demonstration to volume production. Market Position and Future Outlook Third-quarter financial results marked a decisive inflection point. Revenue reached a record $30.5 million - double the prior quarter and 35 times the same period last year. Gross margin improved by 92 points, and operating expenses fell $5.6 million as automation and scale delivered the expected cost leverage. Utilization rose to roughly 15 percent in Q3 and is projected to exceed 90 percent by year-end, with management noting that the company will exit Q4 operating its full asset base 24/7 as production moves to continuous operation. The improvement reflects both the completion of automation installation and the normalization of component supply as Eos transitioned from manual to automated production, establishing a steady operating rhythm. Liquidity and federal partnership remain solid. The DOE loan guarantee is fully active: Tranche 1 ($90.9 million) has been drawn, and Eos expects to request its first Tranche 2 advance before year-end 2025. This long-term, low-cost capital provides both validation and flexibility to continue expansion under Project AMAZE. Cash totaled $126.8 million (including restricted amounts) at quarter-end, with an additional $43 million received in October customer payments. Management reaffirmed 2025 revenue guidance of $150 - $160 million and reiterated expectations to achieve contribution-margin positive results in Q4 and gross-margin positive results exiting Q1 2026. The backlog of $644 million and pipeline of $22.6 billion (91 GWh) provide visibility well beyond those milestones. Eos’s financial trajectory continues to strengthen as scaling advances on a low-cost manufacturing base, bringing the company steadily closer to break-even. New opportunities are emerging in NYISO and other high-value markets where long-duration storage can relieve congestion and firm intermittent resources. The company is also developing indoor system configurations tailored to data centers and dense urban environments, extending its technology into new load segments while leveraging the same standardized platform that underpins its cost advantage. Eos enters 2026 as a scaling, capital-backed U.S. manufacturer demonstrating the economics and reliability required for long-duration storage to become a mainstream grid asset class. Execution risks remain operational rather than structural - focused on timing and working-capital management - but the company’s liquidity, supply chain, and federal partnership provide sufficient cushion for continued growth. The investment case is not simply intact; it is strengthening, as operational execution, financial performance, and commercial visibility now reinforce one another. Eos is converting proof into production, production into margin, and margin into momentum - a clear demonstration of how industrial policy, technology innovation, and disciplined execution can align to create a durable American energy-manufacturing company.

$EOSE Happy about that cash position. If they’re closing in on CM/GM + this will go a long way to alleviating near-term operating stress. If commercial traction is advancing as they say, then we may be turning the corner. Not excited about “low end of guidance range” honestly. But, if they hit guidance that would be a major milestone. I’ll take it. investors.eose.com/news-rele…

Wow! Competition is coming!

Thinking big and thinking long-term are two sides of the same coin. $EOSE

$EOSE What the NYSERDA awards mean In a word, I think this is a setback. Two proposals explicitly specified Eos batteries: the 2.4 GWh Brooklyn Navy Yard project and the 160 MWh Sugar Maple project. Neither received an award. Neither did a third, 800 MWh proposal describing zinc-hybrid technology but not explicitly naming Eos. That does not mean these projects could not be submitted in Round 2 - especially the BNY proposal, which, for a number of reasons, I believe is still alive and was experiencing timing issues around permitting and site readiness. It is also important to remember that these were developer proposals, not Eos purchase orders. Index Storage Credit awards go to developers to smooth out project economics and help make projects financeable. While these projects were not in backlog, they are surely in Eos’s pipeline, and I will be curious to see whether Eos adjusts the pipeline numbers in its Q3 report. But the result still matters. Eos did not gain the project-financing support, prospective orders, or validation that awards for those projects could have provided. And an inaugural procurement in a state with an expressly identified need for eight-hour storage selected no non-lithium projects. That is a meaningful signal about the market Eos is trying to enter. NYSERDA awarded one eight-hour lithium-ion project, so duration alone was not disqualifying. Since it has not published the losing bids or scores, we cannot tell whether the Eos-linked proposals lost on price, project maturity, financing, technology risk, or some combination. This is not a verdict on whether Eos’s battery works. If it didn’t, Joe, Nathan, and Francis would be sharing a cell with Elizabeth Holmes by now. The more serious question is whether the market is moving toward long-duration storage as quickly as management would have us believe - something I have written about recently. So I would ignore the “battery doesn’t work” crowd. But if you were to ask me whether you should put weight on the “are we too early for LDES?” argument, the answer is a resounding yes. And the answer will lie in conversion - binding orders, shipped systems, operating projects, and improving margins - rather than the size of Eos’s opportunity pipeline. The NYSERDA awards did not erase Eos’s existing backlog. But they did remove a potential near-term source of validation and make the path from promising proposal to financeable, operating project a more urgent issue to watch.

NYSERDA’s first bulk-storage solicitation is a complete failure at delivering the longer-duration storage New York says it needs. Its own roadmap identified clear value in eight-hour storage. Yet seven of eight awards are for four-hour systems. Only 140 MW of the 950 MW awarded is eight-hour storage. Every award uses lithium-ion; none uses a non-lithium technology. New York convened a fire-safety working group after battery-storage fires and tightened its fire code. Stronger codes matter, but they do not eliminate lithium-ion’s thermal-runaway hazard. Nor do they explain why no project using a non-flammable technology won. The supply-chain decision is more troubling still. New York is offering long-term ratepayer support to an all-lithium portfolio without disclosing where its battery cells will be made. China dominates global battery manufacturing. Meanwhile, proposals specifying American-made Eos batteries received no award. NYSERDA has not published the losing bids or scores, so we cannot say why any particular project lost. Governor Hochul and NYSERDA should explain how the next round will deliver meaningful longer-duration storage, account for technologies without thermal runaway, and disclose how much of this ratepayer-supported battery supply chain will be American rather than Chinese. @NYSERDA @ENERGY @GovKathyHochul @WSJ @LDESCouncil @POTUS $EOSE