Across the Middle East, civilians are once again living with the fear and uncertainty of repeated strikes, and health systems are being forced to manage the consequences. In Iran, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education reports that 50 people have been killed and more than 500 injured this month, including five women and two children killed, and 32 women and 18 children injured. A strike on a water desalination plant in Hormozgan Province, Iran, has disrupted the supply of safe drinking water for thousands of people, and explosions near Baqaei Reference Hospital earlier this week forced the precautionary evacuation of children receiving specialized cancer treatment. In Qatar 🇶🇦, falling shrapnel has injured five civilians, including a child. In Bahrain 🇧🇭 , civilians have also been injured, and fuel depots targeted. Kuwait 🇰🇼 has reported injuries and significant material damage following a strike on an oil facility, as well as one injury and deactivation of several power generation units following strikes on power and water desalination plants. These incidents are placing civilians and environmental health at growing risk, while putting sustained pressure on emergency responders and health services. @WHO calls on all parties to immediately de-escalate the conflict across the Middle East, protect civilians and health care, and ensure uninterrupted access to lifesaving health services in line with International Humanitarian Law.