
š¦šŗš§šŖš¬š§šØāš¬š Professor of Pathology & Head of Immunology at @Cambridge_Uni. Fellow & Welfare Tutor at @Catz_Cambridge. Founder & CSO at Aila Biotech.
Cambridge, England
Joined December 2018
- Tweets8.5K
- Following5.3K
- Followers12K
- Likes9.6K
Adrian Liston retweeted
I am delighted to be hosting Prof Simon Davis (University of Oxford) for our next webinar in the Unravelling T Cell Recognition: Insights from Immunology and AI series.
Join us on 2 November!
Promoting accessibility and inclusivity in science and technology.
Adrian Liston retweeted
Be sure to check out the current issue of #Science #Immunology! New content is added each week!
The October 2026 issue of Science #Immunology is out!
This month's cover depicts immune cells (red) and epithelial cells (blue) in malignant #ascites from a patient with gastric #cancer.
Learn about this research and more: scim.ag/4rKoIGd
Adrian Liston retweeted
I am a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee.
There are five of us. Five people, appointed by a parliament most of the planet could not find on a map, who decide, once a year, which human being the world has agreed to call good.
I know. I know. I think about it on the tram.
We meet in a building on Henrik Ibsens gate, a street named after a man who wrote almost exclusively about people discovering they are frauds, which nobody on the committee finds funny except me. There is a room with a long table and the portraits of the dead laureates looking down, Mandela, the Dalai Lama, a great many earnest men in spectacles, and one portrait we do not discuss, which is Kissinger, 1973, awarded while the bombs were still falling, after which two of our predecessors resigned and the satirist Tom Lehrer said political satire was now obsolete. We keep him on the wall. A reminder. Every family has the uncle.
It is October in Oslo, which means the sun gives up around four in the afternoon like a civil servant, and it rains the particular Norwegian rain that isnāt quite falling, just hanging there, judging you. I arrive with wet shoes. I always arrive with wet shoes. There is coffee, because this is Norway and there is always coffee, we drink more of it per person than almost anyone alive, and someoneās wife has sent kanelboller, the cinnamon buns, and we sit, five Norwegians, damp, caffeinated, sugared, and we decide the moral standing of the entire species.
Let me tell you how it actually works, because the world imagines a cathedral and it is, I promise you, a book club with a mandate.
287 nominations this year. 208 people, 79 organizations. Anyone can nominate, thatās the secret nobody understands: a professor, a parliamentarian, a former laureate, so the ānomineeā list is meaningless, itās a suggestion box, and every autumn some congressman nominates his own golden retriever and the press writes āSHORTLISTED.ā Nobody is shortlisted. There is no short list the public ever sees. There is us, and the coffee, and the rain, and the portraits, and a Norwegian stubbornness that is older than the prize itself.
We read reports. The instituteās advisers write them, thick dull documents, and we argue. Our chairman told the BBC once that in the final meeting āthere is a high temperature.ā High temperature, for a Norwegian, means someone slightly raised an eyebrow and then apologized for it. We donāt do high temperature. We do a long silence, and then Kristin says āwell,ā and everyone knows exactly what āwellā meant, and itās settled. Thatās our shouting. āWell.ā Youād have to be raised here to hear the violence in it.
Now. This year. I will not say the name, because we never say the name, but you know the name.
A certain head of state wanted this prize the way a child wants a thing in a shop window, which is to say loudly, and in public, and with the full belief that wanting it was itself the argument. He said he deserved it. He said heād ended eight wars, a number that grew most times he said it, like a fish. He had other heads of state phone us. Israelās prime minister posted it on the internet, āGive him the Nobel.ā The leaders of Cambodia and Pakistan announced theyād nominated him, as though announcing it were part of it, as though we tally mentions. A man flew around the globe collecting endorsements for a Norwegian committee the way youād collect signatures for a petition to the council about a noisy dog.
And here, uff da, is the detail I treasure, the one that makes me smile into my coffee. The nomination deadline is the 31st of January. He took office on the 20th. So for all the phone calls, all the posts, all the gilded lobbying, the only nominations that could possibly count for this yearās prize were filed in the first eleven days of his term, before he had, by his own arithmetic, ended a single one of the eight wars. He campaigned all year for a prize whose window had shut while he was still hanging up his coat. We didnāt have to reject him. The calendar did. We just watched. Norwegians are very good at watching. We have long winters.
People think we sit there weighing his deeds. We donāt. Thatās the thing I canāt make the world understand. Weāre not grading his homework. We donāt owe anyone the prize for a ceasefire, however real, however loud the announcement. āHe made peaceā is not a sentence that ends in a medal, the way he believes it does, the way he believes every good thing ends in his name on it. The will of a dead Swede says the prize goes to whoever did the most for fraternity between nations. A dead Swede, I should add, who made his entire fortune inventing dynamite and selling arms, and spent his last years horrified at his own obituary, which called him a merchant of death, and so bought his way to immortality as a man of peace. The whole prize is one guilty arms dealerās attempt to launder his name. We are, all of us, administering a dead manās public relations. I find this clarifying. It keeps me humble. It should keep everyone humble, and it keeps, by my count, no one humble at all.
So who did we give it to?
An eighty-five-year-old woman. A judge. Born in Durban, under apartheid, granddaughter of a Tamil man who came to South Africa as indentured labor, a bus driverās daughter from the poor Indian quarter, who became the first non-white woman to run a law practice in her province, who defended Mandelaās people when defending them was dangerous, who sat on the Rwanda tribunal and the court at the Hague, and who, at eighty-five, is right now a judge weighing whether a genocide is a genocide. When we told the world, our chairman said the rule of law āunderpins the system we have set up to ensure peace,ā and that āpeace requires justice.ā She wasnāt even in Oslo. She was in Nuremberg. In courtroom 600. The actual room where they tried the Nazis. You cannot stage that. God staged that, and God, it turns out, is a better satirist than any of us.
She did not phone us. She did not post. No prime minister demanded it for her on the internet. She had, as far as our deliberations are concerned, the one qualification the loud man could never manufacture, which is that she wanted the work and not the medal. The medal finds those people. It flees the ones who chase it. This is not a rule we wrote. Itās just the only pattern the hundred-odd years of our mistakes has ever shown.
The reaction from across the ocean was immediate. His spokesman posted that we āplace politics over peace.ā Ja. Perhaps. Weāre five damp pensioners in a rainy city; of course itās political, it was always political, it was political when we gave it to a sitting American president nine months into his first term for the promise of things he had not yet done, and we have been quietly embarrassed about that one for fifteen years, so believe me, we had a particular reason this year to prefer a woman with fifty years of verdicts behind her over a man with eight wars in front of him and a deadline already behind him.
Here is what he will never understand, the thing Iād tell him on the tram if he ever took one. We are the one prize he cannot buy, cannot post his way to, cannot have a friendly dictator phone in for him. Not because weāre incorruptible, nei, weāre as vain and wrong and human as the portraits on our wall. But because the entire point of the thing, the only power a small cold countryās book club has ever held, is that it goes to the person not performing the wanting. The moment you demand it, youāve proven you donāt understand what itās for, and proving that is itself the disqualification. He ran the most expensive campaign in the history of the prize and the campaign was the reason. He was never losing to Navi Pillay. He was losing to the concept.
Itās dark now. Four oāclock dark. The buns are gone. Kristin said āwellā an hour ago and we all went home. Iām on the tram with my wet shoes, and somewhere across the water a very powerful man is explaining to a camera that the prize is rigged, that weāre corrupt, that heāll win it next year, and he genuinely might, weāre only five idiots and weāve been wrong before, Kissinger is still on the wall.
But not this year. This year an old woman in Nuremberg, in the room where the law once stared down the exact kind of man who thinks wanting a thing loudly enough should make it his, got a phone call she didnāt ask for.
Thatās the job. We donāt reward the man who ends the war and announces it.
We reward the woman who spent fifty years deciding what a war was.
Heāll never see the difference. Thatās rather the whole point of him.
Takk for i dag. I have to change trams.
Adrian Liston retweeted
Given my feed is now all plague at the moment, I might as well shamelessly plug my book Infectious; which covers all your favourite pathogens
amazon.co.uk/Infectious-Pathā¦
Adrian Liston retweeted
BREAKING NEWS
The 2026 #NobelPrize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel āfor their discoveries concerning light-gated ion channels and optogenetics.ā
Adrian Liston retweeted
š Applications open for 4-year fully funded PhD studentship at the University of Cambridgeās Loke Centre for Trophoblast Research.
š¬ Explore exciting research projects in placental and reproductive biology.
š
Deadline: 3 Nov 2026
š trophoblast.cam.ac.uk/phd-stā¦
š¢ Please share!
Adrian Liston retweeted
Today, weāre celebrating Jeffrey. š
A little boy whose life was far too short, but whose story changed the lives of countless others around the world.
Because of Jeffrey, families have greater awareness of primary immunodeficiency. Because of Jeffrey, babies around the world have the opportunity to be identified through newborn screening before they become seriously ill. And because of Jeffrey, children and families facing primary immunodeficiency have a community that continues to advocate for them.
His legacy lives on in every diagnosis made earlier, every family given answers, and every child given a chance.
Happy Birthday, Jeffrey. Your story continues to make a difference every single day. š
#ScreenEveryBaby
Adrian Liston retweeted
A great opening of our Immune Alliance Meeting 2026 in Bayreuth with Nobel Laureate Shimon Sakaguchi presenting his latest work on the role of Treg cells in cancer immunity. #immunology
Adrian Liston retweeted
The convergence on PRDX1 from this study and ours using completely different methodologies is remarkable! science.org/doi/10.1126/scieā¦
New findings on antioxidant suppression from Julian Lum: CRISPR screen of factors sensitising T cells to suppressive activity of human ovarian cancer ascites fluid identifies PRDX1 whose deletion increases intracellular ROS and enhances T cell function! biorxiv.org/content/10.64898ā¦
Adrian Liston retweeted
We have a new book, and it is a cute one!
"Cell Mates" is the alphabet book all #immunology parents need!
amazon.co.uk/dp/1066702837/
Adrian Liston retweeted
Delighted to share new work published in @ScienceMagazine entitled 'Tumor-derived antioxidants suppress immunity by depriving T cells of reactive oxygen species,' led by @XanWesolowski in the labĀ science.org/eprint/YQNFAHKNFā¦
Adrian Liston retweeted
Two post-doc positions available in our lab!
It is a supportive environment and one which boosts careers! Historically, of our ~30 post-docs 27% have gone on to tenure-track positions, 27% did another post-doc, and 42% have gone on to positions in biotech or pharma.
Adrian Liston retweeted
I was given my name by the Iroquois Nation many hundreds of years ago. By 1660 my name was printed on maps by the Europeans as they accepted the Native name which means Beautiful waters.
In 1867 the Canadian government decided to use my name for their providence.
Adrian Liston retweeted
UMAP makes useful pictures, but what structure does it destroy?
Daan H. de Groot and coauthors introduce Bonsai, a Bayesian method that represents high-dimensional data as a tree rather than forcing it into a conventional two-dimensional embedding.
The motivation comes from single-cell biology. Methods such as UMAP and t-SNE are extraordinarily useful for visual exploration, but their geometry is not a faithful representation of the original high-dimensional space. Local and global relationships can be distorted, and changing visualization parameters can change the apparent biological story.
Bonsai takes a different approach. Each cell is treated as a noisy point in high-dimensional gene-expression space, complete with uncertainty estimates. The method then reconstructs the maximum-likelihood tree connecting those points under a probabilistic model of how expression states can change.
Because a tree can always be drawn in two dimensions, visualization no longer requires projecting the data onto two artificial coordinates.
On synthetic benchmarks, Bonsai almost perfectly reconstructs structures that PCA and UMAP largely fail to recover. It also preserves cell-to-cell distances much more faithfully.
And the biological payoff is not only prettier visualization.
Applied to cord-blood single-cell data, Bonsai recovers established differentiation relationships and identifies an apparently previously undescribed subset of natural-killer cells associated with the myeloid rather than lymphoid lineage. The method also scales through a backbone implementation to datasets exceeding one million cells.
There is a broader scientific lesson here.
Dimensionality reduction is not a neutral preprocessing step. When ML changes the representation of scientific data, it can also change which hypotheses become visually plausible.
Paper: de Groot et al., Nature Biotechnology (2026), CC BY 4.0 | DOI: 10.1038/s41587-026-03220-2
Adrian Liston retweeted
I don't think Nathan Cofnas should be fired. He shouldn't have been hired because he violated Ghent University's Code of Ethics. I put aside whether that Code is sound. Europe generally has stronger laws against hate speech than the US does. See Jeremy Waldron, *The Harm in Hate Speech*. He has continued to violate it, but at this point Ghent U. cannot make it clear that it will have terminated him for his violation of the Code since it overlooked violations in the past. To get around the controversy of his hiring, his sponsor Bouke de Vries quite possibly misled Ghent University about what he was hiring Cofnas to do. He did not appoint him to study liberalism.
Adrian Liston retweeted
Replying to @LoinDuTribu
They're doing just-so stories, except Kipling's were good fun and theirs are not.
Adrian Liston retweeted
Ever wonder how your career (and life!) could have turned out differently if you had picked that PhD project in London instead, or gone into #patientadvocacy rather than a #postdoc? What different lives could you have lived? Now you can find out!
amazon.co.uk/Professor-Pipetā¦
Adrian Liston retweeted
One of the first "outrageous" claims I saw as Jason Arday's media hounding unfolded was that he ran 30 marathons in 35 days!
Wow!
What a thing to claim!
And the newspapers all suggested there was no evidence he actually did it.
Well, they clearly didn't look very hard š
š§µ
1/26
Adrian Liston retweeted
Conservatives against kindness now. On brand




























