Vanda_Lerer, PhD 🇮🇱

Scientists have discovered that the fungus Aspergillus tubingensis, isolated from a landfill in Islamabad, Pakistan, can rapidly break down polyurethane, one of the world’s most durable plastics. This material is widely used in insulation, furniture, footwear, coatings, and synthetic leather, and it typically persists in the environment for hundreds of years. In laboratory tests, the fungus colonizes the surface of polyurethane films, secreting enzymes that disrupt its chemical bonds. Scanning electron microscopy revealed clear signs of degradation, including cracks, pits, and surface erosion. Within just two months in liquid culture, the plastic films were broken down into smaller fragments, with near-complete degradation observed. This represents the first reported case of A. tubingensis degrading polyurethane. The process is an example of mycoremediation, the use of fungi to clean up environmental pollutants. Other fungi have also shown the ability to use plastics as a primary food source, even in low-oxygen landfill conditions. Researchers are now exploring the potential of fungal enzymes for large-scale applications, such as bioreactors, to help address the global plastic waste crisis. If scaled effectively, these biological approaches could offer a practical, low-cost method to reduce the billions of tons of persistent plastic accumulating worldwide. [Khan, S., et al. (2017). Biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by Aspergillus tubingensis. Environmental Pollution, 225, 469–480. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.012]