Forest ecologist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. Demographer for Smithsonian's Forest Global Earth Observatory.
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![Quoted excerpt from Needham, et al.: “Crown damage and damage-driven mortality are important processes shaping forest structure and response to disturbance. Despite this, crown damage is rarely represented in vegetation models. We introduce a crown damage module into the vegetation demographic model FATES [Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator] and find that damage itself alters demographic rates, the canopy structure of the forest, and the competitive dynamics of PFTs [Plant functional types].” In bottom left corner, ForestGEO logo.](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FY2GvZlVsAAsyEq.jpg?name=orig)
ALT Quoted excerpt from Needham, et al.: “Crown damage and damage-driven mortality are important processes shaping forest structure and response to disturbance. Despite this, crown damage is rarely represented in vegetation models. We introduce a crown damage module into the vegetation demographic model FATES [Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator] and find that damage itself alters demographic rates, the canopy structure of the forest, and the competitive dynamics of PFTs [Plant functional types].” In bottom left corner, ForestGEO logo.
ALT Figure 1 / Graphical Abstract from Global Change Biology Article
ALT Photo credit: Alexander Shenkin