
ALT Why did she not at least attempt to help the Jews? The Catholic bishops of Holland tried this gamble. In July 1942, together with the Protestant Church, they sent a telegram of protest against the deportation of the Dutch Jews to the German Reichskommissar and threatened to make their protest public unless the deportations were halted. The Germans responded by offering to exempt from deportation non-Aryans converted to Christianity before 1941 if the churches would remain silent. The Dutch Reformed Church agreed to the bargain, but the Catholic Archbishop of Utrecht refused, and issued a pastoral letter in which he denounced the wrong done to the Jews. The Germans retaliated by seizing and deporting all the Catholic non-Aryans they could find, among them the noted philosopher Edith Stein. 149 Once the










