English4Pharmacists

Ruta metabólica = Metabolic pathway. The sequence of usually enzyme-catalysed reactions by which one substance is converted into another.

Ribosoma = Ribosome. A complex of RNA molecules and proteins that is a site of protein synthesis in eukaryotes.

Residuo = Residue. A constituent structural unit (as a group or monomer) of a usually complex molecule. The part of a single sugar that appears in a polysaccharide; of a single amino acid in a protein; of a single nucleotide in a nucleic acid.

Proteína = Protein. Any one of many complex organic nitrogenous compounds formed from various combinations of different amino acids.

Péptido = Peptide. Biologically important polymers, in which amino acids are joined into chains through peptide (amide) bonds. By convention, shorter than 50 amino acids.

Nucleótido = Nucleotide. A purine or pyrimidine base bounded to a sugar and a phosphate ester. Unit from which nucleic acids are constructed by polymerization.

Nucleósido = Nucleoside. A purine or pyrimidine base bounded to a sugar.

Metabolismo = Metabolism. The whole range of biochemical processes that occur within a living organism. Metabolism consists of anabolism and catabolism.

Lípido = Lipid. A natural substance that is poorly soluble in water but is soluble in organic solvents; lipids include fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes and some hormones and vitamins.

Glucosa = Glucose. A hexose monosaccharide obtained upon the hydrolysis of starch and certain other carbohydrates. Also called dextrose.

Enzima = Enzyme. Any of numerous proteins that are produced by living cells and used to catalyse specific biochemical reactions at body temperature.

Deficiencia = Deficiency. A lack or shortage, especially of something essential to health.

Catabolismo = Catabolism. The conversion of complex substances into more simple compounds by living cells, usually leading to the production of energy.

Anabolismo = Anabolism. The conversion of simple substances into more complex substances by living cells. Refers to those metabolic processes involved in the synthesis of cell constituents from simpler molecules.

Aminoácido = Amino acid. Any one of several organic compound containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group on adjacent carbon atoms, that link together by peptide bonds to form proteins.

Ácido graso = Fatty acid. A long-chain hydrocarbon containing a carboxyl group at one end.

Riñón = Kidney. One of the paired organs that excrete urine, remove nitrogenous wastes of metabolism, reclaim important electrolytes and water, contribute to blood pressure control and erythropoiesis (via erythropoietin production).

Pulmón = Lung. Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

Pierna = Leg. The segment of the inferior limb between the knee and the ankle.

Pie = Foot. The terminal part of the vertebrate leg upon which an individual stands. The plural form for the noun foot is feet.