China has different terms to distinguish being Chinese by nationality, ethnicity, and ancestry. I just realized how distinctive this everyday vocabulary is compared with most countries/languages* when I read a discussion about it on Kuaishou. > 中国人 (Zhōngguórén): This just refers to a Chinese person, usually referring to the Chinese nationality, but could also indicate Chinese identity more broadly. > 华侨 (Huáqiáo): This refers to overseas Chinese, they still have Chinese citizenship while settled abroad. > 华人 (Huárén): Usually refers to Chinese overseas who acquired foreign citizenship. Can also refer to an ethnically Chinese person, regardless of citizenship (although more precisely, there's 外籍华人 for foreign citizens of Chinese descent). > 华裔 (Huáyì): This refers to people of Chinese descent, like the (grand)children of Chinese emigrants, emphasizing ancestry. * (Japanese also has one specific word for a person that isn't a Japanese national but has Japanese ancestry 日系人, as does Russian).