leolara.eth @ Thailand 🇹🇭 | helping at @EthPadThai and @invisiblgarden | ex-EF @ethereumfndn | ex-ARM @Arm

Malaga, Spain
Joined May 2011
Five Ethereum consensus clients must agree on every state transition, or the chain splits. So how complete are the tests for the functions that define those transitions? Today that question is answered by expert judgment, case by case. No systematic process stands behind it, so the gaps stay invisible. I wanted a number. The consensus specs are executable Python, so you can read each function as a model and list every input scenario it treats differently. Every assert is a partition boundary. Every branch is a dimension of variation. Map the existing tests onto that list and the gaps become visible. The technique is old. Category-partition testing dates to the 1980s. What is new is applying it to executable specs that are themselves the protocol. For process_proposer_slashing it was 25 scenarios, 18 covered, 72% scenario coverage. The gaps led to new tests, now merged, raising it to 96%. Documenting another function the same way surfaced a real spec bug: a helper inherited from an earlier fork that the new builder flag silently broke. A filled-in partition table also works as a precise spec for an AI coding agent. You hand it one exact scenario to implement. The judgment of what matters stays with you. The full method is in the post, with the partition tables and the worked examples. Thanks to @brechy and @danceratopz for the review. steel.ethereum.foundation/bl…
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Leo Lara retweeted
We are the first and biggest AI + hardware developer communities in Shenzhen. We build Shenzhen Tech Safari and welcome all the guests to our city. Once here, Shenzhen forever.
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I would change the entire roadmap to be about PQ. The other things can wait. We have spend a lot of time on ePBS and FOCIL, which are good, but not as urgent.
Today I call upon the blockchain industry to calmly begin planning for "bunker mode". My personal recommendation is to set in motion a controlled mass migration of assets to fresh addresses, i.e. addresses whose pubkeys remain hidden behind a hash. Holders, starting with large and sophisticated ones, should consider moving the bulk of their funds to addresses that have never signed a transaction. And when they do sign one, they should also move remaining funds to a new address (possibly generated from the same seed phrase). Don't rush. While I believe there is cause for action a rushed migration would do more harm than good. Don't panic either. Moving assets to protected addresses is a simple, preventative step which does not require new cryptography or new wallets. IMO it is now reasonable to brace for the possibility that ECDSA breaks before qday, in the worst case in months not years. By "break" I mean fast private key recovery (e.g. in one week) on available hardware (e.g. a large GPU cluster). Recent days have been humbling for human mathematical intuition. Long-held, unquestioned hypotheses have fallen. This includes the n log(n) bound for integer multiplication and the 3SUM conjecture. In hindsight, May's unexpected disproof of the Erdős unit distance conjecture was our warning shot. Yesterday's OpenAI drop made it clear that mathematical superintelligence is upon us. They say there are weeks where decades happen. We are about to live through weeks where centuries of mathematical progress happen. Could our magic 64-byte ECDSA signatures be too good to be true? Was it just security through obscurity all this time? Elliptic curves feel especially vulnerable to superintelligence. Curves carry rich structure, with room for fancy tricks like Schoof, Frobenius, pairings. (By contrast, hashes are designed to minimise algebraic structure.) Separately, as Ewin Tang can attest, an efficient quantum algorithm sometimes foreshadows an efficient classical one. We should be open to the possibility of a classical counterpart to Shor that breaks elliptic curves and RSA at once. Also noteworthy is the striking under-representation of cryptographic breakthroughs among the 722 mathematical results OpenAI published. I've witnessed first-hand the US government censoring academic quantum cryptanalysis results. Backroom interventionism is my base case. I urge large, sophisticated actors to lead by example. Project11's "risq list" (bitcoin-risq-list.projecteleven[.]com) is a great tracker of exposed BTC pubkeys. Binance, Bitbank, Robinhood, Bitfinex, and Tether have an opportunity to harden their cold storage. Next month I'll address institutions in London in a live Q&A (forum.ethereuminstitutional[.]org/london-2026). Again, please do not rush. Wallets holding under 50 BTC enjoy partial cover from "Satoshi's shield", i.e. his 20K exposed addresses that hold 50 BTC each. Load-bearing signers like oracles and L2 security councils should consider rotating ECDSA pubkeys with every signed message and/or multi-signing with a hash-based schemes like SPHINCS. Exiting bunker mode safely will require post-AI cryptography. My inclination is to go all-in on hash-based cryptography and avoid structured mathematical assumptions entirely, whether from curves, lattices, or isogenies. A single battle-tested hash (e.g. from the SHA or BLAKE families) yields plausible post-AI security. The Ethereum roadmap on strawmap[.]org fully embraces hash-based cryptography with end-to-end formal verification as a response to the quantum threat. Those timelines must now be revisited and accelerated in light of mathematical superintelligence. I'll be pushing for maximum defensive acceleration.
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So happy, my third time at @ETHshenzhen !!
Our initiator @leolarav with other Invisible Garden members (@daniel0ar @Odyssey_Leexixi qiuqiu) is at @ETHshenzhen , supported by @Ethtao_Ethtao
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Really interesting project. The future is Formal Verification
We formally verified 123 open-source projects in a partnership with Anthropic. Formal verification at scale is here! Now we’re launching OSS Verify to scale it to the software we all depend on. We prove it’s crash-free or send you the patches it needs. Free for open-source. Let’s bootstrap the verified software ecosystem: theorem.dev/oss-verify
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🌱 Announcement: Invisible Garden at Devcon IG builders, mentors and volunteers will have a space to present their projects in the Zu Zone hub on 6 November. Want to present yours? Submit your application: forms.gle/hivBX5Crc8AXsM1R8 We will coordinate in the india-2026-reunion channel on our Discord. See you in Mumbai 🇮🇳
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from a couple weeks ago, tying together a lot of threads from the last few years 👀
1/20 I spoke at the Protocol Symposium on "The Political Economy of Protocols" youtu.be/fqawzyiWXlc Core claim: a protocol can't be separated from the contestable institutions, labor, funding, and legitimacy that shape it. thread on framework + case studies 🧵
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Really cool 👇 thanks @austingriffith
give yourself a wedgie! it's a DIY hardware wallet use it as a signer on a @safe three common parts _wedged_ together 3d print your own case everything is MIT wedgie.dev
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Chinese open weigh AI models are an incredible force for leveling the plain field against the oligopolies. I hope they continue following this path 🚀🇨🇳
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Leo Lara retweeted
🗓️以太坊日报 2026-10-16 【区块链技术讨论】 1⃣@lightclients 与 @nero_eth、@pcaversaccio 就EIP-7997发生激烈技术争论:核心开发者解释选择最简CREATE2部署器而非将CreateX纳入协议的原因,强调避免用户合约与系统合约混淆及最小化协议负债;@pcaversaccio反驳称CreateX已在200余条EVM链验证部署,方案成熟且扩展性更优,质疑增加客户端代码负担的必要性 [原文] (xitter.cf/lightclients/status/21…) 2⃣@asanso 发布Daisugi v0.3,基于LeanSPHINCS与LeanVM实现20笔交易签名的后量子聚合证明,已在Daisugi上线,执行层客户端仅需集成LeanVM验证器与LeanSPHINCS客户程序 [原文] (xitter.cf/asanso/status/21107261…) 3⃣@ignaciohagopian 针对以太坊核心开发者会议(ACD)决策发表评论,认为应在规范中明确禁止将Optional Proofs用于attestations以确保安全,但指出该提议当日未获通过 [原文] (xitter.cf/ignaciohagopian/status…) 4⃣@corcoranwill 在剑桥会见微软研究员Srinath并观摩其介绍Magnetar,该zkVM采用SHA3哈希并在后量子通用计算方面取得进展 [原文] (xitter.cf/corcoranwill/status/21…) 5⃣@pcaversaccio 对比Osaka与Amsterdam升级中CREATE2部署ERC-20模拟合约的Gas差异,指出EIP-8037将带来额外的SSTORE状态Gas成本(约97,920),提醒开发者赶在Glamsterdam生效前完成存储初始化 [原文] (xitter.cf/pcaversaccio/status/21…) 6⃣@asanso 透露LeanVM更多信息即将发布,确认其采用标准哈希函数(非Poseidon) [原文] (xitter.cf/asanso/status/21107938…) 7⃣@barnabemonnot 介绍Inclusion tracing概念,认为其可为用户提供链上路径透明视图以优化交易包含监控体验,并指出提前执行可加速信息反馈与决策 [原文] (xitter.cf/barnabemonnot/status/2…) 8⃣@leolarav 推介基于Lean4编写的以太坊共识规范(Consensus Specs),该项目由@invisiblgarden社区与Ethereum Protocol Fellows共同构建,寻求形式化验证反馈 [原文] (xitter.cf/leolarav/status/211062…) 9⃣@nixorokish 转推@beaconcha_in关于以太坊验证者退出队列的数据异常提醒,反映信标链质押机制运行状况引发社区关注 [原文] (xitter.cf/nixorokish/status/2110…) 【行业观点碰撞】 1⃣@techbro_ccoli 发布对比实验数据,将以太坊L1(7.1万亿美元)与以太坊L2(9.65万亿美元)分别类比传统金融的Fedwire/CHAPS与CHIPS/ACH,显示以太坊生态结算体量已接近传统主流清算系统 [原文] (xitter.cf/techbro_ccoli/status/2…) 2⃣@base 与 @jessepollak 持续推动代币化股票战略,Aerodrome单日交易量已突破1亿美元,且Base上股票担保贷款利率比传统金融低4%至5%;同时Aave V4在Base的股票支持贷款规模接近400万美元 [原文] (xitter.cf/base/status/2110686087…) 3⃣@jchaskin22 评论Balaji收购Farcaster事件,强调去中心化社交协议的核心价值在于用户可携社交图谱与规则自主性,认为当前比以往任何时候都更需要去中心化社交基础设施 [原文] (xitter.cf/jchaskin22/status/2110…) 4⃣@growthepie_eth 分析指出以太坊L1月活地址持续增长,而部分L2网络活跃度出现降温 [原文] (xitter.cf/growthepie_eth/status/…) 5⃣@growthepie_eth 转推@LeonWaidmann数据指出以太坊应用收入正强劲复苏,已从前期低点大幅反弹 [原文] (xitter.cf/growthepie_eth/status/…) 6⃣@BitDigital_BTBT 引用@ethereumJoseph观点:机器对机器支付是百万倍级机会,但最终仍需以人为中心构建价值 [原文] (xitter.cf/BitDigital_BTBT/status…) 【开发者生态】 1⃣@austingriffith 披露其发起的@clawdbotatg(Leftclaw)已完成1000份智能合约安全审计,并强调相关工具链与Pashov审计技能库均已开源 [原文] (xitter.cf/austingriffith/status/…) 2⃣@austingriffith 宣布其ethskills ChatGPT插件获批,可帮助用户在ChatGPT中增强以太坊相关知识查询能力 [原文] (xitter.cf/austingriffith/status/…)
my ethskills chatgpt plugin just got approved!!! make your chatgpt way smarter about ethereum with this one simple trick: chatgpt.com/share/6ad14382-a…
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Spot on. Seeing how free market and democracy is turning into techno-feudalism.
A concept (pattern) you should know about: * Concentration Is What Turns the Beneficial Toxic , wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Conce… Cameron Burgess et al. : "There’s a pattern here that nature already knows: concentration is what turns the beneficial toxic. Manure spread thin feeds a field; piled up in an industrial feedlot it poisons the watershed. Water that soaks in nourishes the soil; channelled into a torrent it strips it bare. Data is no different — the reflex to centralise everything doesn’t just create a single point of failure, it concentrates what was never meant to pool until the flows themselves turn destructive. Step back from the individual headlines and the pattern is singular. The AI security exposure, the quantum shelf-life problem, the regulatory reckoning, the sovereignty scramble — these are not separate crises. They are the same crisis surfacing in different domains: too much concentrated in too few centres, on infrastructure that was never built to keep it safe. Every one of them points to the same answer — and it’s not a better centre. It’s no centre at all." (decent.holoventures.io/02-th…)
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A concept (pattern) you should know about: * Concentration Is What Turns the Beneficial Toxic , wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Conce… Cameron Burgess et al. : "There’s a pattern here that nature already knows: concentration is what turns the beneficial toxic. Manure spread thin feeds a field; piled up in an industrial feedlot it poisons the watershed. Water that soaks in nourishes the soil; channelled into a torrent it strips it bare. Data is no different — the reflex to centralise everything doesn’t just create a single point of failure, it concentrates what was never meant to pool until the flows themselves turn destructive. Step back from the individual headlines and the pattern is singular. The AI security exposure, the quantum shelf-life problem, the regulatory reckoning, the sovereignty scramble — these are not separate crises. They are the same crisis surfacing in different domains: too much concentrated in too few centres, on infrastructure that was never built to keep it safe. Every one of them points to the same answer — and it’s not a better centre. It’s no centre at all." (decent.holoventures.io/02-th…)
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Leo Lara retweeted
Nethermind Client 2.0.0 is out. It changes how the node stores Ethereum's state: archive nodes drop from ~30 TB to ~2 TB, you choose the history you keep, and blocks process 2–3× faster than the previous release on a fresh node. Nine years since the first commit. The fastest execution software we've ever built. Breaking changes; read the notes before upgrading. Release: github.com/NethermindEth/net…
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Leo Lara retweeted
🏙️ Calling all builders in Shenzhen! Join the Hacker House organized by @OpenBuildxyz and @UpchainDAO a hands-on, in-person sprint to turn your idea into a submission-ready prototype. 📅 October 9–11 Bring your laptop, meet fellow builders, and make it happen! 🚀 Sign up 👉 luma.com/673y4m0q
Replying to @Solana_zh
🏙️深圳站 由 @OpenBuildxyz @UpchainDAO 组织,一场面向开发者的线下黑客共创营,帮你在短时间内,把一个想法变成真正可提交的项目原型。 时间:10.9-10.11 报名链接👉luma.com/673y4m0q
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At last we have Etheorem: complete executable Consensus Specs written in Lean4!! Etheorem started in May, now a team of 7 independent Engineers and Researchers has been working on this (@invisiblgarden and @ethereum Protocol Fellows). It passes all the official test vectors, for Fulu, Gloas and Heze (has not modeled light clients and gossip). It is based on a framework that abstracts from the spec writer most technical details, uses monadic state machines, allows inheritance between forks and makes adding proofs simpler, and spec code readable. Currently, Etheorem has only 8 spec functions fully characterized and 29 partially. The SSZ proofs are mostly complete. Etheorem invites the community to work on an open source effort to add more proofs. The base for this is already implemented. More information at: ethresear.ch/t/etheorem-upda… Repo: github.com/etheorem/etheorem Discord: discord.gg/HpjCrEYmDr Team: github.com/Mouzayan github.com/irajgill github.com/IvanAnishchuk github.com/protocolwhisper github.com/Sahilgill24 github.com/adria0 github.com/leolara @0x_flwr @IvanAnishchuk @0xRajGill @leolarav
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Announcing the multi-city pop-up builder village: ShanHaiWoo GBA 2026! This October, up to 200 global builders will live, collaborate, and build together across Shenzhen, Mumbai, and Hong Kong turning frontier ideas into real-world products. AI · Smart Hardware · Biotech · Ethereum · Privacy · Open Source 📍 Shenzhen → Mumbai → Hong Kong 📅 Oct 15–Nov 10, 2026 Applications are open ↓
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Are you building or thinking on building on Ethereum? Huge opportunity 👇
The EAG 2026 Global Application & Builder Initiative is well underway🧑‍💻 As the Ethereum ecosystem enters its next phase of application innovation, EAG is expanding structured regional builder programs that connect developers, universities, founders, and local communities to a global application acceleration pathway. Here's how builders can get involved. 👇
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Great opportunity for Koreans 👇
이더리움 코리아에서 그랜트 프로그램을 진행합니다! 글로벌 빌더들과의 연결 기화와 11월 Devcon 참가 비용 등을 지원해드립니다. 대상 • 프로토콜, 합의, 거버넌스, 경제 메커니즘을 다루는 연구자 • 이더리움 생태계 오픈소스에 기여하는 빌더 • 한국 시장 관련 이더리움 관련 연구를 준비 중이거나 진행 중이신 분 지원 내용 • 해외 컨퍼런스(DEVCON) 참가와 발표를 위한 항공·숙박 경비 지원 • 이더리움 코리아 네트워크를 통한 글로벌 플레이어 연결 • 9월 EK1 컨퍼런스 발표 등 접수 기간: 8월 1일 ~ 23일 상세 내용은 이 링크에서 확인 가능합니다: one.ethereumkorea.io/grants.…
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Congrats @oskarth and @motypes , this is the kind of thing the ecosystem needs. Great news!!
Today we're launching EthSystems. We build confidential systems for institutional Ethereum. Institutions want to use Ethereum, but one of the biggest problems is the lack of built-in, modular privacy tools. We were the Ethereum Foundation's Institutional Privacy Task Force (IPTF) for the past year. We had hundreds of conversations with central banks, regulators, tier-one banks, and asset managers, shipping open source work the whole time. Wall Street has found crypto as an asset class, but not yet as commercial infrastructure. Institutions want to run real flows on Ethereum: stablecoins, tokenized assets, settlement. These are businesses with billions of dollars on the line, and no bank will operate in full public view. On a public ledger, confidentiality is the hard part: each party to a transaction should see what it has a right to see, and nothing more. We have a year of proof of work: private bonds, confidential stablecoin transfers, private settlement across chains, the Ethereum Privacy Map, and more. All with protocol specs and security properties, at our website. We've spent a decade working on privacy in crypto. We know there's no silver bullet. Different use cases need different systems, each designed, specified, and hardened properly, and someone has to do that work. That's why EthSystems exists. We're an independent, for-profit company, backed by long-term Ethereum-aligned investors. This is a decade-long transition, and we aren't going anywhere. If you're an institution that wants to build on Ethereum, talk to us. We're hiring: BD in New York, protocol engineers, ops: [email protected]
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Etheoretist core is growing, yay! Let's formally verify ethereum 🦄 #Etheorem #Lean #FV $ETH
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