Part-time podcast addict; full-time crypto writer.

Joined June 2014
Late-stage democracy is more descriptive than “end-stage capitalism.” What you’re seeing is a predictable failure mode of a system in which people can vote themselves more money. That’s not a failure of capitalism, that’s unrestrained democracy robbing capitalism.
I'm in my 40s. I'm a lawyer. My wife is a lawyer. We both work full time. We cannot afford the house my parents purchased on a single electrician's income in their 30s. We cannot afford the house my immigrant grandparents purchased on a single MTA bus driver's salary in their 30s. They had SIX CHILDREN. For 30 years, politicians in Washington & their oligarch allies convinced regular people that this was just about avocado toast and fancy coffee. In reality, this is end-stage capitalism. Everyone is stuck in place. It's impossible to buy a home. It's too costly to move. We work too much to have passion projects. We don't have enough savings to start our own businesses. We can't afford to go without healthcare to do it. Thanks for writing this article @troy_closson. Would be very happy to discuss further. nytimes.com/2026/10/25/nyreg…
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There's been a lot of noise about OpenAI's claim that $ETH is false. Joking, not that ETH: the Exponential Time Hypothesis. The question everyone's asking: why does this matter? Will it affect my bags? Here's the tl;dr in plain English 👇 👉 First, what is the ETH? Picture planning the seating at a wedding, with a list of rules: these two can’t sit together, those two must, and the bride’s ex can’t be within sight of the top table. Brute force means trying plan after plan until one obeys every rule, or you establish that none can. As the guest list grows, the number of possible arrangements explodes. Clever methods can skip huge numbers of possibilities. The Exponential Time Hypothesis is the bet that, for certain problems of this kind, even the best possible method cannot escape exponential growth in the hardest cases. 👉 Why it's a big deal For more than 25 years, computer scientists have used ETH as a measuring stick. To show a problem was hopelessly hard, they proved that solving it quickly would also mean solving the seating puzzle quickly, which ETH said was impossible. Hundreds of papers rely on that argument. If ETH is false, those papers lose their foundation, and the field has to work out which of its limits were real. 👉 The result is still a claim OpenAI says its AI found a method that breaks that rule: the bigger the guest list, the less each extra guest multiplies the work. If that holds, ETH is wrong. The proof is public, with a machine-checked version. An independent review is being organized by MIT's @rrwilliams and two of the researchers who formulated ETH. 👉 A broken complexity assumption doesn't automatically mean broken cryptography The signatures protecting your crypto don't rest on ETH. They rest on specific mathematical problems, like elliptic curves, lattices, or hash functions, and nothing in the paper amounts to a practical attack on any of them. 👉 P vs NP is still unsolved P vs NP asks a simple question: if an answer is easy to check, is it always easy to find? Cryptography depends on the answer being no: checking a signature is easy, but finding the private key behind it should be practically impossible. It's the most famous unsolved question in computer science. The new method is faster than brute force but still far slower than what computer scientists call efficient, so it doesn't settle that question. Hard problems are still hard. No cause for alarm, then. But it's another sign that AI is speeding up research, and testing assumptions mathematicians have relied on for decades. All cryptography rests on assumptions like these: that certain mathematical problems are too hard to crack in practice. They have held up well so far, but an assumption is not a proof. Every result like this makes crypto-agility more pressing: the ability to switch to new cryptography quickly, before a broken assumption becomes a real-world problem. On CKB, new signature schemes can be implemented by anyone at any time without waiting for network-wide consensus or forks. An audited post-quantum signature scheme, SPHINCS+, is already live on mainnet.
Announcing three major scientific discoveries, one each in mathematics (harmonic analysis), computer science (complexity theory), and physics (quantum field theory). AI starting to help us improve our understanding of the universe! openai.com/index/building-sc…
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SHA-256, the hash function securing Bitcoin, isn't broken. Researchers test its safety margin on simplified versions. For 12 years it didn't budge. This year it has shrunk repeatedly, once thanks to @FutureDies. AI is helping to find weak spots faster. Managing that risk means planning cryptographic upgrades early, before anything breaks.
SHA-256 is not broken, but its security margin lost 1 more round this year: Last week I found a collision attack on reduced 39-round that improves prior art by over 30 bits and the first differential attack on that round better than generic search on @yukonresearch Hashsmash board. The attack rests on the same method as prior art ePrint 2026/1120 with new insights that first 2 state words could remain free, allowing a critical condition at step 16 rebuilt as a claw-search problem rather than a probabilistic filter. Took days of watching SAT logs, burning cores and arguing with Claude on what's possible to get a result close to generic search. Since my initial submission, other hashsmash participants sraiw, @cyberaxe, @privacymage, @lamb356_ and @geeknik pushed it down by over 6.5 bits, currently estimated at 118.15 bits. The tree of submissions is hard to follow, so I put the construction, insights and numbers into a blog and am working on detailed technical report. It's fascinating to see an initial structural observation develop into an improvement in the reduced-round collision frontier within days. AI is now a real aid in cryptanalysis and open collaboration speeds it up.
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crypto is pretty much just getting started as an industry
Crypto is pretty much finished as an industry
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CKB developer activity, past 7 days. New day. New dawn. New life. pulse-lab.lusocryptolabs.com…
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“Fake and gay”
Fake & Gay! Moussa Diawara, the Malian national featured in this shockingly poorly researched @60Minutes report, now faces allegations of immigration FRAUD after his asylum application surfaced, revealing that he claimed to be a HOMOSEXUAL man who feared persecution in Mali. Read more ⬇️
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What kind of religion?
JUST IN: AI executives are turning to religion to teach artificial intelligence right from wrong
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It's time to turn off the ZCG funding stream. ZCG has over $125M in funding, and will receive millions more before the spigot is turned off. The program was never designed to handle this amount of funding. Draft ZIP: github.com/zcash/zips/blob/e…
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England in ten years
再强调一遍,浏览外网或翻墙被派出所传唤,根本不用慌。 首先是网警从流量监控系统中标记了你,然后会通知你当地的派出所片儿警将你传唤问话。 你的不当言论,会被打印出来,放在你面前。 你的手机,会要求解锁,他们会检查你在群里,聊天软件里还说了什么。 民警是很忙,但如果接到系统派发的工单,再忙也要处理,不然就一直挂在系统里,影响KPI了。 处理这种事,民警作为体制内打工人,他的自由裁量权很大的。你其实是增加他们工作量的一个小麻烦。只要好好配合,他们没必要跟你计较太多。 所以只要保证流程合规,上交资料完整,应付检查就行了。但你如果要装逼,摆出不合作的姿态,那不好意思,想整你的途径和方法太多了,哈哈。 去了之后,态度好一点,姿态低一点,开口说:“领导,不好意思,给你添麻烦了。” 然后最重要的是问话环节,他问你答。你不要没事找事,自己多说乱说。不知道、不了解、没做过的,直接就说不知道,别的一概不说。但你确实做过的,而且白纸黑字的放在你面前,那就不要抵赖。 不要说任何对抗性的言论。比如什么什么做的不对,所以我要批判。 如果你是因为不当发言被传唤,就说:“我理解错了意思,以为他在说什么,所以我才说了什么,表达有偏差。其实我不是这个意思。” 如果你是因为浏览了网站被传唤,就说我是不小心点到的,我一点开它就推送了,我也不知道为什么。 只要你态度好,把事情往小了说,一般也就是记录一下。没人愿意增加自己的工作量,对不对? 笔录确认没问题,签字盖章,这事儿就翻篇儿了。 千万不要装逼硬刚。 还有,虽然翻墙了,但什么该说、什么不该说,作为一个成年人,生在红旗下,长在春风里,接受了国家这么多年的教育,自己心里应该有点逼数。 毕竟你爸不是李刚,就算是,也不行。
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He was so real for this
Daughter age 5 is repulsed by underdog stories, she thinks the most powerful should win even if he’s “the bad guy”, is this developmental or her personality
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Replying to @gavinandresen
@gavinandresen, 2010: "an economical method for separating gold atoms from seawater will be found before elliptic curve cryptography is broken." No gold from seawater yet. But this month a fusion startup said it had made gold from mercury, and NIST wants elliptic-curve signatures retired by 2035.
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Berries are naturally available a few days a year. But because they are so delicious, the miracle of capitalism makes them available year-round. Fuck seasonal produce. The capitalist consumer eats what he wants, when he wants it
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Why are you rereading it every week if you already fixed your life in one day?
Todavía lo releo cada semana. Es, sin exagerar, uno de los artículos más valiosos que he leído sobre cómo cambiar tu vida.
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Capitalism didn't create your need to work to survive. Nature did. An employer doesn't impose that necessity upon you. He offers you an opportunity to satisfy it through voluntary exchange. Socialism doesn't eliminate the necessity of work. It merely transfers authority over production to politicians or the collective. Under capitalism, you're free to change employers, negotiate wages, work for yourself, or establish a cooperative. None guarantees success, but the freedom exists. And here's where your moral superiority becomes particularly ridiculous. You condemn people for offering employment on terms others are free to reject, yet consider yourself morally entitled to dictate how they must use their property, run their businesses, and compensate others. You call voluntary agreements exploitation while presenting coercion as compassion. Your objection isn't that people are being forced to serve others. It's that they aren't being forced to serve others on your terms. And somehow, you've convinced yourself that makes you the moral one.
After reading the replies to my original post, I've learned that some libertarians have a much bigger problem than their understanding of economics. Their complete lack of empathy is fucking astonishing. I suggested that paying half your income in rent because the alternative is sleeping in a freezing car isn't exactly a wonderful example of economic freedom. The responses were an extraordinary collection of lectures about voluntary exchange, personal responsibility, property rights, and why homelessness is apparently just another consumer preference. Here are the five most common arguments. 1. It's voluntary because nobody is forcing you. Apparently, choosing between unaffordable rent and sleeping in your car is the expression of liberty. Sure, nobody is holding a gun to your head. But someone with $500 in the bank doesn't have the same bargaining power as someone with $10 million in property. A decision made under financial desperation is still a decision. That doesn't mean the person has meaningful economic freedom. If your definition of liberty includes celebrating someone's choice to freeze in their car, perhaps your philosophy needs some fucking work. 2. Just move, get roommates, buy a house, or sleep in your car. This was my favorite. One person suggested getting a gym membership so you could sleep in your car and still shower. Others recommended second jobs, roommates, or simply buying a house. Fucking brilliant. But what happens when millions of households simultaneously move somewhere cheaper? Demand increases, and those locations become less affordable unless housing supply expands. What works for one individual doesn't necessarily work for everyone. It's called the fallacy of composition. An entire housing crisis cannot be solved by giving millions of people individual financial advice. Yet apparently, sleeping in a Toyota Corolla now constitutes a comprehensive economic policy. 3. Government regulations and central banks caused expensive housing. This was actually a reasonable argument, at least initially. Restrictive zoning and excessive development regulations absolutely can contribute to expensive housing. But blaming government for every undesirable market outcome is just ideological laziness. Housing prices also depend on incomes, credit conditions, construction costs, land values, population growth, speculation, and investment expectations. Developers build when they expect sufficient profits, not simply because people need somewhere to live. Removing bad regulations can improve housing supply. It doesn't magically eliminate every other economic problem. An economy is an interconnected system, not a fucking supply-and-demand diagram. 4. The landlord provides a mutually beneficial service. Several people argued that rental transactions must benefit both parties because otherwise they wouldn't happen. Yes, someone facing homelessness might prefer paying half their income in rent to sleeping outside. Congratulations. You've established that people prefer shelter to freezing. But that doesn't prove the housing market is competitive, affordable, or producing desirable outcomes. People routinely accept terrible arrangements because their alternatives are worse. Individual rationality doesn't guarantee desirable outcomes for society. The existence of a transaction isn't proof that the economic system is working particularly well. 5. You aren't entitled to someone else's property or labor. And naturally, someone had to start screaming about communism. Apparently, suggesting that people shouldn't have to sleep in freezing cars is now revolutionary Marxism. I support private property, competitive markets, and private enterprise. But supporting capitalism doesn't require celebrating every outcome it produces. Property rights don't automatically guarantee affordable housing, economic efficiency, or an equitable distribution of resources. You can defend private property without treating human suffering as an acceptable demonstration of economic liberty. Now, here's what genuinely disturbed me. I expected arguments about economics. What I didn't expect was how enthusiastically some people recommended homelessness. Sleep in your car. Get a gym membership. Work three jobs. Move away. Stop complaining. These weren't hypothetical responses. People actually suggested these things. Imagine seeing someone struggling to afford shelter and immediately explaining why they should be grateful to their landlord. What kind of fucking worldview produces that reaction? Markets are supposed to serve human beings. Human beings aren't supposed to suffer simply to validate someone's economic philosophy. I'm a supporter of free markets, but I don't believe that requires abandoning basic human empathy. The irony is that people who constantly preach individual liberty seem perfectly comfortable dismissing the economic circumstances that restrict it. If your response to someone facing homelessness is to congratulate them on having the freedom to sleep in their fucking car, perhaps you've spent too much time defending capitalism and not enough time interacting with actual human beings.
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this thread is a documentary on why smart money moved to things like stablecoins and payments highly recommended read
I'm making 6 figs a month just by deving memecoins, not trading, no risks. I made $350K in September, I'm already up 6 figures in October, and I've averaged 6 figures a month throughout 2026. In this thread, I'll break down my entire dev routine: how I find narratives, my setup, and exactly how I launch coins. 🧵👇
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Heads up, @OpenAI and @AnthropicAI. Rumor reaches my ears that you're doing a stupid thing, and should stop before you damage yourselves. I hear you've now nerfed your models so that when people try to use them to clean the spamware and spyware out of their televisions, you block that. If you really want Chinese open-weight models and open-source projects like OpenWaldo to eat your lunch, crippling your models so that people paying expensive subscriptions can't use them for completely legitimate purposes is a great way to accomplish this. If, on the other hand, you'd rather have a volume business, maybe stupid arbitrary restrictions that look like they have the sole purpose of protecting corporate sleazeballs aren't such a good idea. A word to the wise should be sufficient.
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Nice to see more Fiber projects moving from prototypes to public testing! @ebubedev opened Twine's P2P trading app for testnet testing, @Code3ks opened the FiberNuts Community Market (and already shipped fixes based on feedback), and @truthixifi turned hackathon feedback into Fiber Forge v0.4.0, with new SDK, CI, and CCH testing tools. Meanwhile, @Dean8IX shared new recovery evidence for FNN Safeguard, and @LusoCryptoLabs opened the Cellula Wallet testnet beta. If you're trying out any of these projects, let the builders know what works or breaks, and what you'd like to see next!⚡ Catch up with the community in Pulse 17: fiber.world/blog/pulse/issue…
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not only am i not worried about the crypto community's ability to handle the upcoming ai/quantum threat, i will venture to say that in the next 2 yrs the world will realize crypto is far better prepared for it than the rest of the internet and finance. we've had a trillion dollar *irreversible* honey pot for a decade, producing a far more battletested system and adversarial security culture than pretty much anywhere else on earth.
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its lowkey a war on people with the light still in their eyes
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In June 2010, with Bitcoin trading for less than a cent, someone on @bitcointalk asked what would happen if SHA-256 were cracked tomorrow. A mathematician friend had warned that hardly any hash functions survive 10 years. Satoshi's answer: SHA-256 should "last several decades unless there's some massive breakthrough attack." If it broke suddenly, the community would agree on the honest chain from before the trouble and "continue from there with a new hash function." If it weakened slowly, the software would switch to a new hash at a set block. "Everyone would have to upgrade by that time." He was right about the cryptography. SHA-256 was first published in 2001 and is still standing 25 years later. The plan for replacing it is what aged. Getting everyone to upgrade was a reasonable ask when Bitcoin's whole community could fit inside one forum thread. Today it means miners, exchanges, custodians, ETF issuers and millions of holders agreeing on a change and upgrading in lockstep, with well over a trillion dollars at stake. That's the real shape of the quantum debate. The threat today is mainly to signatures rather than the hash, but the hard question is the one Satoshi answered: when cryptography needs replacing, who has to agree first? CKB was designed so that adding a new signature scheme needs no network-wide agreement. It's a lock script, and each holder moves to it when they choose. No fork, no flag day. From the original thread 👇
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