Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt) header
Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt) profile picture

Blockchain Security Researcher 🐞

Joined October 2022
Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)Photo by Xcrypt (@whitehat_Xcrypt)
For those who are worrying and doubting themselves, thinking they are not capable, it's just a matter of time before you witness success that you never imagined(Dear me). So just put in the work daily and trust yourself — you will achieve everything you want.
1
5
345
Thank You @cantinaxyz for the Opportunity :)
2
67
2,054
Xcrypt retweeted
💣 The MOTHER of ALL ALPHA is here. I officially present to you: THE ART OF AUDITING web3-sec.gitbook.io/art-of-a… The first community-driven resource that consolidates thousands of hours of expertise from the sharpest minds in the industry. I have spent the past 3 months scraping the leaderboards, collecting wisdom from some of the best in the game. After nearly 80 DMs and countless inspiring conversations, the final product is here for everyone to explore and benefit from. 🔥 What’s inside? Lessons from 52 top-performing, highly-respected auditors, including: - Multi-million-dollar bounty hunters - Multiple competition winners - Leaders at the top of all-time rankings 📗 KNOWLEDGE THAT IS EVERLASTING Over 2,500 years ago, Sun Tzu wrote The Art of War, and its lessons remain timeless. Inspired by that legacy, we created The Art of Auditing - a resource designed to capture knowledge that stands the test of time. Platforms will evolve, judging criteria will shift, and bugs will come and go—but the core principles outlined here will always hold true. 🧠 REAL VALUE FOR EVERYONE The Art Of Auditing has the specific goal to deliver ALPHA and INSPIRATION to EVERYONE, even the TOP-tier auditors.That’s why every contributor is a proven expert with a stellar track record. 🛠️ NEVER ENDING PROJECT I thought I could reach all the great auditors out there in one go, but it turned out there are too MANY of them and I am just ONE guy. I'm not sure if I even covered 50%🤯 There’s still an immense wealth of knowledge waiting to be added to this project. Every experienced auditor with achievements is INVITED to contribute to this collective knowledge base at ANY TIME. 💪 CREDITS All credit and recognition go to the 52 incredible auditors who made this resource a reality. Each of them committed to contributing and each of them DID. Despite this being one of the busiest periods in the industry, they gave their most precious resource - their time. Having experienced it firsthand, I can confidently say that each one of them has extreme integrity and a deep sense of responsibility. If you plan to work with any of them, rest assured: 🫡 These auditors DELIVER I'm tagging all the great names below👇
54
141
35
589
72,026
🏆 @ethos_network Audit Contest Results 🏆 5. Kyosi - 1,439.65 USDC 5. x0lohaclohell - 1,439.65 USDC 6. @056Security - 45.38 USDC 6. @0x_0x37 - 45.38 USDC 6. @whitehat_Xcrypt - 45.38 USDC 6. @I_am_0xMosh - 45.38 USDC 6. @bri_samed - 45.38 USDC
🚨 New contest: Ethos Network Social Contracts @ethos_network 🚨 Sign up here: audits.sherlock.xyz/contests… Total Rewards: 36,500 USDC nSLOC: 1520 Lead Senior Watson: TBD Starts Friday, October 25th at 15:00 UTC Check it out!!
1
1
1
1
3,269
Happy to help @roycoprotocol, found some unique high bugs.
1
5
249
Xcrypt retweeted
I recently analyzed the report of a contest I participated in - ECG (@CreditGuild ) on C4. It was my first big protocol. There were some very interesting insights I gained for myself, like: "Valuable, low duplicate bugs != complex bugs. Which also does not mean they are easy to spot" Staying true to myself I'm passing the knowledge to you guys. I'll do a detailed breakdown of what I just sad, complemented with solid examples and analysis of the why's & how's Hope you take something for yourself as well🙏
5
7
34
3,479
Xcrypt retweeted
I just finished watching @milotruck video, where he talks about auditing 😱It has a LOT of ALPHA!😱 But it is a lengthy video (~1h 30min) I'm compiling the key ALPHAS for all of you that don't have that time, because it is a knowledge WORTH having🧵
11
20
1
128
11,966
You don’t want to miss this!
5
16
1
95
6,787
I’m now starting to realise: understanding the codebase doesn't just mean knowing what each function does. Truly understanding it means that you can explain why every line of a function exists. If you can't yet explain everything, then dig deeper until you can. It's easier said than done, but its hard for everyone. This is where the rarer/unique bugs are found.
Wow auditing is way more fun when you’ve got to the stage where you understand the codebase
5
3
1
46
5,162
Welcome to the largest competition in history with... @Blast_L2 🪐 💰 $1,200,000 USDC 🗓️ January 30th, 3:00 PM EST / 20:00 PM UTC 📍 cantina.xyz/competitions Invite only. Don't have one? Details below:
230
283
262
425
176,424
Become an absolute Web3 Security beast in 2024!! Resources: 1. YouTube - Owen Thurm & Patrick Collins channels 2. Past audit reports - Solodit.xyz 3. Past hacks - github.com/coinspect/learn-e… 4. DeFi bible - github.com/OffcierCia/ultima… 5. Books - rareskills.io
11
98
2
350
23,686
Xcrypt retweeted
3 or so months ago I started my web3 auditing journey with 3 questions: 1. Am I going to achieve something at all ❓ 2. All this time and effort every SINGLE day - is it worthwhile ❓ 3. Does this thing get any easier, less exhausting or at least a bit less stressful❓ I can confidently share that since the beginning of this week I managed to cross-off ❓ number 3 from the list. It's the first time I wake up early in the morning & I don't need an adrenaline 💉(figuratively) to get my 💩 together and start auditing. Now it feels more like a morning ☕️ I'm not saying it's all 🌹, but definitely I don't feel drained the moment I get out of bed to audit. I'm sharing this for everyone that are just starting out and ask the same❓(#3) themselves everyday. It does get better ! Apply yourself DAILY until you gain the confidence, that will be like an ☔️ guarding you from the rain of 💩 that smart contracts are trying to drop on your mentality Regarding ❓ number 1 & 2 They still overwhelm me on a daily basis. I got no answers to them so all I'm left with is to keep moving forward and see what awaits me.
2
4
36
3,012
Xcrypt retweeted
Just finished another contest and a repeating pattern keeps revealing itself before me. - You open the protocol, feel overwhelmed and can't comprehend how it is possible that any exploit could be found - A couple of days pass, you get a deeper understanding of it's inner working. Confidence 🦵 in - You stick for more than a day with that deeper context & all of a sudden point bugs start 👋at you I'm starting to think that if you don't find at least a single serious bug in a protocol, then something must be off😅 I'm beginning to appreciate that the "there are always bugs" mentality is a real thing, not some marketing clichee
4
3
1
59
4,623
One of the quickest ways to learn anything is to try it. Smart Contracts: - I kept writing solidity & vyper Running validators & nodes: - I kept running different kinds of nodes Audits: - I sat my ass down and screamed at my computer for days until I found bugs Stay curious
186
545
69
3,398
280,616
Smart contract auditor roadmap: 1. Do a lot of security reviews 2. After each review, figure out how to do better on the next one You can get a lot of this on a competitive audit platform like @codehawks. Just keep doing. That’s the roadmap.
12
42
4
303
17,051
Making $100k from auditing is not as hard as it sounds if you have a plan: > 5 Top 3 finishes: 5*$5k = $25k > Win 2 audit contests: 2*$15k = $30k > 1-2 Immunefi bounties: $10k > Private audits (leverage contest wins to get clients): $20k > Judging, Lookout, bad contest payouts, team audits, consulting: $15k
10
13
4
136
12,527
At this point I've audited a couple *hundred* Smart Contracts. Along the way, I've picked up a number of things that more often than not... lead to Critical bugs/vulnerabilities. So I decided to compile them all and share them with you. → 17 Common attack vectors I always try out on a new codebase (+ 5 Bonus): - Frontrunning/backrunning - Using very small amounts as inputs (e.g. 1 wei) - Passing zero as an input - Using contracts that cannot accept ether - Gas griefing with external calls - Weird ERC20 tokens (fees, 777, return values, etc...) - Price manipulation - Blacklisted ERC20 addresses - Potential overflow/underflow - Block re-orgs - Reentrancy (721, inter-function, inter-contract, inter-system (read-only)) - Sybil attacks on incentives/tokenomics - Flash loans (even flash mints e.g. Dai) - Accepting any data from an arbitrary address (Malicious bytes) - Inflating internal accounting by sending tokens to the system - Forced precision loss when precision really matters (min balance checks etc...) - Addresses that might be empty at one point, yet house contract code at another 5 Bonuses: - Reverting (external calls I can make revert, inputs I can use to cause a revert) - Unexpected addresses (provide a `receiver` address pointing to another contract in the system) - Selector clashing - Signatures (replay, malleability, recover to 0 address etc...) - Hash collision (encodePacked)
28
142
10
586
61,934
List of Some Attack Vectors/Smart Contract Vulnerabilities! 🗒️ - Reentrancy - Reentrancy via Modifier - Read-Only Reentrancy - Cross-Function Reentrancy - Cross-Contract Reentrancy - Front-Running - Front-Running - Unprotected withdraw - Front-Running - Sandwich attack - Front-Running - ERC20 approval - Front-Running - Signatures - Back-Running - Flash-Loan Governance Attack - Flash-Loan Price Attack - Denial Of Service (DOS) by complex fallback function - Denial Of Service (DOS) by gas limit - Denial Of Service (DOS) by non-existent address or malicious contract - Floating Point Arithmetic - ECDSA Signature malleability - ECDSA Signature replay - Replay Attack - Price Oracle Manipulation - Cross-Chain Bridge Manipulation - Initial Supply Mint Issue - Divide before multiply - Integer Underflow - DeFi Slippage attack - Amplification Attack Double Spending - Malicious Honeypot - Unsafe Delegatecalls - Loops Gas Limit - Phishing With Improper Authorization - Unexpected Ether With Forcibly Sending Ether - Block timestamp Manipulation - Unchecked return values - Insecure Randomness - Proxy Storage Collision - Strict equalities - Timestamp Dependence - Use of Deprecated Functions - Requirement Validation - Absent modifiers - Force Feeding - Rounding Down To Zero What would you add? 👇 I’d appreciate a repost, spread the knowledge! 🫡
12
76
3
259
25,370
Start of a new Era? 🛡️✨
7
422