Adwoa.

so, certain linguistic features get framed as imagined signs of misbehaviour. and teachers get positioned by policies to intervene, remediate, and discipline these supposed signs of deviance and deficiency. for example:

ideologies about 'bad language' and 'misbehaviour' are both racialised and classed. indeed, some of the most hostile forms of linguistic disciplining were found in schools with communities of predominantly racialised children from low-income homes.

in analysing 563 behaviour policies from the 34 largest multi-academy trusts in England, i show how 'misbehaviour' is associated with a constellation of linguistic features - these are of course not empirically connected, but ideologically connected.