1999 dot com, the markets too 7-15 years to recover 2008, it took 4-5 years. The next crises (whenever it hits), the recovery will be much faster. However, inflation will be extremely fast too. V shaped recoveries are become extremely common. This is NOT by accident. People are always scared to invest in "growth" if the valuations look "expensive". They are basically following value investing. But, value investors for decades have NOT made money. To make money via investing, you need to change your investing strategies with time. Now, it is about handling volatility. And, at the same time chasing growth. Investing in PPF/EPF and the likes, is possibly the worst use of your money. The biggest risk you run today is that your wealth will be eaten by inflation. If you don't know how to deal with this, spend time studying this most important point. Time will tell :)

The world will pay for the US's mistake. US right now is running possibly the most selfish strategy. Here is how this works:- - US is likely to witness very high inflation. - To lessen the impact of this expected inflation, they have already jacked up the interest rates. - Typically, when IR goes up. The growth stalls. This was out typical 2021-2023 period. The IR was hiked, and the stock market tanked. - So this round: even before hiking the interest rates: US has flooded the market with excess capital, which we can now see in circular financing of AI - As a result: we have US stock market doing exceptionally well over the last 2 years. The stock growth allows the "Asset owners" (eg. stock holders) to offset high inflation via their stock price increase. - So as a result: we end up having a very strange mix: stock returns high, interest rate high, inflation high. - This combo rarely exists. There is no reason for the US to stop playing this game. They have already ring-fenced energy. And, their top firms (think NVIDIA etc) have access to almost infinite financing. So the game is simple: keep inflation high, but grow the production base (via AI, gigafactories etc) via circular financing in the US. Using this strategy: the US will end up exporting its inflation to the world at a much faster pace. By the time folks get the gravity of all this, they will see a massive wipe out of their investments.